The second round of nuclear talks between Iran and the P5+1 group in Geneva was an important step towards a long-term and lately renewed diplomatic process. The effective “demilitarisation” of Iran’s nuclear programme is more politically and technically complicated than is the chemical disarmament of Syria. There is a sense of time running out, and of space for eventual compromises in these talks narrowing. Success or failure might have an important impact on the Middle East, and on global security. Successful talks could initiate step-by-step easing of international isolation and sanctions on Iran, implying also gradual normalisation of its relations with the U.S. and EU countries.